当你进入国外的 之前,如果不能熟练掌握实验过程中相关物品的英文名称及读音,你与同处一室的技术人员之间必将产生强烈的交流障碍,实验效率也将因此大打折扣。这里我汇总了数篇文章的相关内容,并结合自己 的情况,补充了大量词汇,希望对即将出国留学的生物学科研人员有所帮助。欢迎大家补充指正。
容器与耗材(vessel & consumable material)
小瓶 vial
量杯 measuring cup
烧杯 beaker
量筒 measuring flask/measuring cylinderer
坩埚 crucible
坩埚钳 crucible clamp
试管 test tube
漏斗 funnel
比色皿cuvette
鱼缸aquarium
烧瓶 flask
锥形瓶 conical flask
塞子 stopper/plug
洗瓶 plastic wash bottle
玻璃活塞 stopcock
试剂瓶 reagent bottles
玻棒 glass rod
搅拌棒stirring rod
容量瓶 volumetric flask/measuring flask
移液管 (one-mark) pipette
吸液管pipette
滤器 filter
滤纸 filter paper
培养皿 culture dish
移液枪 pipette
移液枪枪头 pipette tips
剃刀刀片razor blade
手术刀scalpel
垃圾袋disposable bag
垃圾桶garbage bin
橡皮筋 rubber band
托盘Tray
铝箔aluminium foil
洗耳球 rubber suction bulb
保鲜膜preservative film
研磨钵 mortar
研杵pestle
小滴管 dropper
蒸馏装置distilling apparatus
桶 bucket
广口瓶 wide-mouth bottle
离心机转子 rotor
试管架 test tube holder/rack
酒精灯alcohol burner
酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner
搅拌装置 stirring device
石蜡封口膜Parafilm
微量离心管(EP管)Eppendorf tube
载玻片Slide
盖玻片Cover glass
离心管Centrifuge tube
电泳槽Gel tank
电线Electrical leads
牙签Toothpick
螺丝钉Screw
锁紧螺母Nut, Cap nut
复印纸Copy paper
复写纸Carbon paper
钉Nail
试管刷 test-tube brush
计时器Timer
闹钟Alarm clock
U形钉Staple
衣服挂钩Coat hanger
电泳用的梳子Comb
扳手Shifting spanner
订书机Stapler
订书钉staple
圆珠笔芯Refill
灯泡Globe
记号笔 marker pen
注射器 syringe
注射器活塞 plunger
铁架台iron support
万能夹extension clamp
止水夹flatjaw pinchcock
圆形漏斗架cast-iron ring
橡胶管rubber tubing
药匙lab spoon
镊子forceps/ tweezers
蜂鸣器 buzzer
架子 shelf
剪刀scissor
打孔器stopper borer
移液吸管 serological pipette
血球计数板hemocytometer
pH试纸 universal ph indicator paper
称量纸weighing paper
透明胶带sellotape
筛子 sieve
网眼 mesh
格子 grid
擦镜纸wiper for lens
水银温度计mercury-filled thermometer
白大褂 white gown
真空泵vacuum pump
水浴锅water bath kettle
口罩respirator
电极electrode
阳极,正极anode
阴极,负极cathode
实验操作(manipulation)
丢弃 discard
转移容器 decant
吸出 aspirate
吹吸 blowing and suction
离心收集 pellet
重悬resuspend
絮状沉淀 flocculent precipitate
浑浊的 turbid
烘 bake
灭菌 sterilize
均质化 homogenize
分装 aliquot
培养 foster
通风 ventilate
冷却 chill down
稀释 dilute
洗脱 elute
孵育 incubate
超声破碎ultrasonication
淬灭 quench
裂解物Lysate
沉淀物Sediment
上清 Supernatant
小滴 droplet
一批 batch
色谱chromatograph
沉淀precipitate
接种inoculate
探针probe
蒸馏distil/distill
搅拌Stir/agitate
旋转 swirl/ spin
中和neutralize
校准 calibrate
平衡 equilibrate
结块、块状沉淀 clump
粘稠的 viscous
漂洗rinse
脱水dehydrate
发酵fermentation
溶解 dissolve
燃烧combustion
水解hydrolysis
过滤 filtrate
浓缩 condense
催化剂catalyst
研磨 grind
破碎 crush
催化作用catalysis
分解dissolution
涡旋震荡Vortex
电泳 Electrophoresis
抽滤suction filtration
电转化electro-transformation
收菌 harvest
切碎 chop/mince
灌注perfusion
浆液slurry
仪器(apparatus)
恒温循环仪Thermostatic circulator
空调机Air conditioner
pH计pH meter
照度计(测量荧光素酶酶活) luminometer
磁力搅拌器magnetic stirrer
烘箱oven
微波炉microwave oven
电磁炉electromagnetic oven
凝胶系统Gel system
电子天平Electronic balance
转接器Adapter
离心机 centrifuge
盖子 lid/ cap
封口设备Sealing equipment
复印机Duplicator, copying machine
超净工作台super clean bench
通风橱 fume cupboard
药柜Cupboard
高压蒸汽灭菌器 autoclave
电泳电源Electrophoresis power supply
紫外灯Ultraviolet illumination
真空泵Vacuum pump
天平 balance/scale
分析天平 analytical balance
台秤 platform balance
涡旋振荡器Vortexing machine
CO2培养箱CO2 Incubators
电子显微镜Electro Microscopy
电泳仪Electrophoresis System
恒流泵constant flow pump
解剖镜anatomical lens
PCR仪Thermocycler
倒置显微镜Inverted Microscope
核磁共振波谱仪Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer
光学显微镜Optical Microscopy
摇床Shaker
培养箱incubator
超滤器Ultrahigh Purity Filter
超低温冰箱Ultra-low Temperature Freezer
超声破碎仪Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor
紫外观察灯Ultraviolet Lamp
紫外-可见光分光光度计UV-Visible Spectrophotometer
计算器 calculator/numerator
化学试剂(reagent)
1.氨基酸
丙氨酸alanine (Ala, A)
缬氨酸valine (Val, V)
亮氨酸leucine (Leu, L)
异亮氨酸isoleucine (Ile,I)
脯氨酸proline (Pro, P)
苯丙氨酸phenylalanine (Phe, F)
色氨酸tryptophan (Trp, W)
蛋氨酸methionine (Met, M)
甘氨酸glycine (Gly, G)
丝氨酸serine (Ser, S)
苏氨酸threonine (Thr, T)
半胱氨酸cysteine (Cys, C)
酪氨酸tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
天冬氨酸asparagines (Asn, N)
谷氨酰胺glutamine (Gln, Q)
赖氨酸lysine (Lys, K)
精氨酸arginine (Arg, R)
组氨酸histidine (His, H)
天冬氨酸aspartic acid (Asp, D)
谷氨酸glutamic acid (Glu, E)
2.核苷酸
腺苷adenosine
鸟嘌呤核苷guanosine
胞苷cytidine
胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷thymidine
尿嘧啶核苷uridine
脱氧deoxy-
3.其他化学试剂
二甲苯Xylene
冰乙酸Acetic acid glacial
硼酸Boric acid
氯化钙 Calcium chloride
巯基乙醇mercaptoethanol
咪唑 Imidazole
盐酸胍guanidine hydrochloride
无水乙醇absolute ethanol
乙酸钠Sodium acetate
氯化钠Sodium chloride
生理盐水physiological saline
洗涤剂detergent
十二烷基磺酸钠Sodium dodecyl sulphate
盐酸hydrochloric acid
氢氧化钠sodium hydrate/hydroxide
胰蛋白胨Tryptone
酵母提取物yeast extract
琼脂Agar
甘油 glycerin
内毒素 endotoxin
两性霉素amphotericin
氨苄Ampicillin
肝素heparin
卡那霉素 Kanamycin
胰蛋白酶 Trypsin
溴化乙锭 ethidium bromide
胰岛素Insulin
树脂 resin
糖类 saccharide
蔗糖Sucrose
醋酸钾Potassium acetate
异丙醇Isopropanol
醋酸铵Ammonium acetate
异戊醇Isoamyl alcohol
氯仿Chloroform
甲醇 methanol
遗传霉素geneticin
糖原 glycogen
血清 serum
高锰酸钾potassium hypermanganate
考马斯亮蓝Coomassie brilliant blue
液氮liquid nitrogen
次氯酸钠clorox
苯酚phenol
阴离子anion
碱性 alkalinity
常用英语——化学生物类
来美国学习遇到了一个很郁闷的事:
走进 跟别人交流非常困难,自己做实验也是磕磕碰碰。一个很大的原因就是一些实验仪器或是药品的名称不知道怎么说,以前学英文从来没有学这些内容。郁闷之余,我在网上搜集了一些相关仪器和药品的中英对照,与大家一起学习分享,希望对学化学生物类的朋友有些帮助。由于药品种类繁多,各人使用相关也很大,以下仅列仪器部分。
容器类
量杯measuring cup
烧杯beaker
不锈钢杯stainless-steel beaker
量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinder
量筒graduated flask/measuring cylinder
坩埚crucible
坩埚钳crucible clamp
坩埚crucible pot,melting pot
试管test tube
试管架test tube holder
漏斗funnel
分液漏斗separatory funnel
烧瓶flask
锥形瓶conical flask
塞子stopper
洗瓶plastic wash bottle
滴定管burette
玻璃活塞stopcock
冷凝器condenser
试剂瓶reagent bottles
玻棒glass rod
搅拌棒stirring rod
蒸馏烧瓶distilling flask
碘量瓶iodine flask
表面皿watch glass
蒸发皿evaporating dish
容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask
移液管(one-mark) pipette
刻度移液管graduated pipettes
称量瓶weighing bottle
吸液管pipette
滤管filter
天平balance/scale
分析天平analytical balance
台秤platform balance
游码crossbeams and sliding weights
酒精灯alcohol burner
酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner
搅拌装置stirring device
洗耳球rubber suction bulb
研磨钵mortar
研磨棒pestle
玛瑙研钵agate mortar
瓷器 porcelain
白细口瓶flint glass solution bottle with stopper
滴瓶dropping bottle
小滴管dropper
蒸馏装置distilling apparatus
蒸发器evaporator
试验用器材
升降台lab jack
铁架台iron support
万能夹extension clamp
蝴蝶夹double-buret clamp
双顶丝clamp regular holder
止水夹flatjaw pinchcock
圆形漏斗架cast-iron ring
移液管架pipet rack
试管架tube rack
沸石boiling stone
橡胶管rubber tubing
药匙lab spoon
镊子forceps
坩埚钳crucible tong
剪刀scissor
打孔器stopper borer
石棉网asbestos-free wire gauze
电炉丝wire coil for heater
脱脂棉absorbent cottonph
ph试纸 universal ph indicator paper
滤纸 filter paper
称量纸weighing paper
擦镜纸wiper for lens
秒表stopwatch
量杯glass graduates with scale
白滴定管(酸)flint glass burette with glass stopcock
棕色滴定管(酸)brown glass burette with glass stopcock
白滴定管(碱)flint glass burette for alkali
棕色滴定管(碱)brown glass burette for alkali
比重瓶specific gravity bottle
水银温度计mercury-filled thermometer
pH计pH meter
折光仪refractometer
真空泵vacuum pump
冷、热浴bath
离心机centrifuge
口罩respirator
防毒面具respirator、gasmask
磁力搅拌器magnetic stirrer
电动搅拌器power basic stirrer
烘箱oven
闪点仪flash point tester
马弗炉furnace
电炉 heater
微波炉电热套heating mantle
Bunsen burner 本生灯
product 化学反应产物
apparatus 设备
pH indicator pH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂
matrass 卵形瓶
litmus 石蕊
litmus paper石蕊试纸
burette滴定管
retort曲颈甑
still蒸馏釜
cupel烤钵
化学反应
analysis 分解
fractionation 分馏
endothermic reaction 吸热反应
exothermic reaction 放热反应
precipitation 沉淀
to precipitate 沉淀
to distil,to distill 蒸馏
distillation 蒸馏
to calcine煅烧
to oxidize 氧化
alkalinization碱化
to oxygenate,to oxidize 脱氧,氧化
to neutralize 中和
to hydrogenate 氢化
to hydrate水合,水化
to dehydrate脱水
fermentation发酵
solution溶解
combustion燃烧
fusion,melting熔解
alkalinity碱性
isomerism,isomery同分异物现象
hydrolysis水解
electrolysis电解
electrode电极
anode阳极,正极
cathode阴极,负极
catalyst催化剂
catalysis催化作用
oxidization,oxidation氧化
reducer还原剂
dissolution分解
synthesis合成
reversible可逆的
仪器中英文对照
Aging Property Tester老化性能测定仪;
Amino Acid Analyzer氨基酸组成分析仪;
Analyzer for Clinic Medicine Concentration临床药物浓度仪;
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy原子吸收光谱仪;
Atomic Emission Spectrometer原子发射光谱仪;
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy原子荧光光谱仪;
Automatic Titrator自动滴定仪;
Basic Physics基本物理量测定;
Biochemical Analyzer生化分析仪;
Biochemicalanalysis生物技术分析;
Bio-reactor生物反应器;
Blood-gas Analyzer血气分析仪;
Centrifuge离心机;
Chemiluminescence Apparatus化学发光仪;
CHN Analysis环境成分分析仪;
CO2 Incubators CO2培养箱;
Combustion PropertyTester燃烧性能测定仪;
Conductivity Meter电导仪;
Constant Temperature Circulator恒温循环泵;
Direct Current Plasma Emission Spectrometer直流等离子体发射光谱仪;
DNA Sequencers DNA测序仪;
DNA synthesizer DNA合成仪;
Electrical Property Tester电性能测定仪;
Electro Microscopy电子显微镜;
Electrolytic Analyzer电解质分析仪;
Electron Energy Disperse Spectroscopy电子能谱仪;
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrometer电子顺磁共振波谱仪;
Electrophoresis 电泳
Electrophoresis System 电泳仪
ELIASA 酶标仪
Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 能谱仪
Fermenter 发酵罐
Flow Analytical and Process AnalyticalChemistry流动分析与过程分析
Fraction Collector 部分收集器
FreezeDrying Equipment 冻干机
FT-IR Spectrometer 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪
FT-Raman Spectrometer 傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪
Gas Analysis 气体分析
Gas Chromatograph 气相色谱仪
GC-MS 气相色谱-质谱联用仪
Gel PermeationChromatograph凝胶渗透色谱仪
HighPressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography 高压/效液相色谱仪
Hybridization Oven 分子杂交仪
ICP-MS ICP-质谱联用仪
Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer 电感偶合等离子体发射光谱仪
Instrument for Nondestructive Testing 无损检测仪
Instrument for Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR仪
Inverted Microscope 倒置显微镜
Ion Chromatograph 离子色谱仪
Isotope X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer 同位素X荧光光谱仪
LC-MS 液相色谱-质谱联用仪
Mass Spectrometer 质谱仪
Mechanical Property Tester 机械性能测定仪
Metal/material elemental analysis 金属/材料元素分析仪
Metallurgical Microscopy 金相显微镜
Microwave Inductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer 微波等离子体光谱仪
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer 核磁共振波谱仪
Optical Microscopy 光学显微镜
Optical Property Tester光学性能测定仪
Other/Miscellaneous 其他
Particle Size Analyzer 粒度分析仪
PCR Amplifier PCR仪
Peptide synthesizer 多肽合成仪
pH Meter pH计
Physical Property Analysis 物性分析
Polaro-graph极谱仪
Protein Sequencer 氨基酸测序仪
Rheo-meter流变仪
Sample Handling 样品处理
Scanning Probe Microscopy FG|8oU 扫描探针显微镜
Sensors 传感器
Sequencers and Synthesizers for DNA and Protein DNA及蛋白质的测序和合成仪
Shaker 摇床
Size Exclusion Chromatograph 体积排阻色谱
Surface Science 表面科学
Surface Analyzer表面分析仪
Thermal Analyzer 热分析仪
Thermal Physical Property Tester 热物理性能测定仪
Ultrahigh Purity Filter 超滤器
Ultra-low Temperature Freezer 超低温冰箱
Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor 超声破碎仪
Ultraviolet Detector 紫外检测仪
Ultraviolet Lamp紫外观察灯
Urine Analyzer 尿液分析仪
UV-Visible Spectrophotometer 紫外-可见光分光光度计
Viscometer 粘度计
Voltam-merter伏安仪
Water Test Kits 水质分析仪
X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer X射线荧光光谱仪
X-Ray Diffractomer X射线衍射仪
分子生物学 常用仪器物品英文词汇
口罩 respirator
试验管 tube
耐酸橡胶手套 rubber gloves
试管架 test tube rack
药匙 lab spoon
洗瓶 plastic wash bottle
钳子 pliers
玻璃搅棒 glass stirring stick
扳子spanne
研钵 mortars
螺丝刀 screw driver
研棒 pestles
多用电源插座 multi-purpose socket
冰盒 ice box
复印纸 copy paper
液氮罐 Dewar flask
笔记本 note book
记号笔 marker pen
培养皿 culture dish
夹子 clip
皮氏培养皿 petri dish
擦镜纸 wiper for lens
培养三角瓶 culture flask
标签纸 paper label
接种环 inoculating loop
打火机 lighter
接种针 inoculating needle
温度计 thermometer
过滤灭菌器 syringe filters
定时器 timer
镊子 forceps
棉线(细绳) cotton rope
剪刀 scissors
橡皮圈 rubber band
解剖刀片 scalpel blade
清洁布 rag
解剖刀柄 scalpel handle
牛皮纸kraft paper
酒精灯 alcohol burner
塑料筐 plastic basker
样品推车 lab cart
塑料桶 plastic basin
保温桶 thermos
封口膜parafilm wrap and dispenser
不锈钢盘 stainless steel tray
塑料膜 plastic film
搪瓷盘 enamel tray
保鲜膜 cling film
铝箔纸 aluminum foil
烧杯 beaker
脱脂棉 absorbent cotton
三角瓶、烧瓶 flask
容量瓶 volumetric flask
铁架台 iron support
量筒 graduated cylinder
石棉网 asbestos board
移液器 pipette
玻璃干燥器 glass desiccator
移液管 serological pipette
三角漏斗 funnel
吸耳球 bulb for pipet
布氏漏斗buchner funnel
移液管架 pipet rack
玻璃漏斗 glass funnel
离心管架 centrifuge tube rack
酸碱滴定管 Burette
天平 balance
安全帽 safety helmet
分析天平 analytical balance
工作服 lab coat
称量瓶 weighting bottle
工作鞋footware
称量纸 weighing paper
隔热手套 heat insulation gloves
比重计 hydrometer
体重计 body weight scales
酸度计 pH meter
pH试纸 pH indicator paper
升降台 lab jack
电磁搅拌器 magnetic stirring
电磁搅棒 magnetic stirring bar
匀浆器homo-genixe
摇床 shaker
水浴摇床 reciprocating shaker bath
涡旋振荡器 vortex mixer
离心机 centrifuge
烘箱 oven
低温水浴 refrigerating circulator
冰箱 refrigerator
超低温冰箱 ultra-low temperature freezer
培养箱 incubator
分光光度计 spectrophotometer
石英比色杯 quartz cuvette
超声波清洗器 ultrasonic cleaner
杂交炉 hybridization oven
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